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Introduction
BACKGROUNDRepublic of TΓΌrkiye is a sovereign nation in Western Asia, Asia. The capital is Ankara. The government is a presidential republic. Official/primary language(s): Turkish. UN member since 1945.
CIA World Factbook (archived) Β· World Bank Β· Government Sources
85.5M
Population
$1.36T
GDP (Nominal)
783,356 kmΒ²
Area
Ankara
Capital
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Geography
CORE783,356 kmΒ²
Total Area
Ankara
Capital
Asia
Continent
+3 UTC
Timezone
Location
Region
Asia β Western Asia
Continent
Asia
Land Use
Forest Area
29.5%
World Bank (2023)
Arable Land
26.3%
World Bank (2023)
Total Area
783,356 kmΒ²
π₯
People & Society
DEMOGRAPHICS85.5M
Population
77.2 yr
Life Expectancy
1.5
Fertility Rate
89.3%
Urban Pop.
Population & Language
Population
85.5M
World Bank (2024)
Languages
Turkish
Urbanization
89.3%
World Bank (2024)
Vital Rates
Birth Rate /1000
11.2
Death Rate /1000
6.2
Fertility Rate
1.5
Life Expectancy
77.2 years
Health Indicators
Infant Mortality /1000
9.1
World Bank (2023)
Under-5 Mortality /1000
12.8
World Bank (2023)
Maternal Mortality /100K
15
World Bank (2023)
Literacy Rate
97.3%
World Bank (2021)
Education
Literacy Rate
97.3%
World Bank (2021)
Education Expenditure (% GDP)
3.1%
World Bank (2022)
Internet Users
87.3%
World Bank (2024)
πΏ
Environment
CLIMATE & ECOLOGYEnvironmental Indicators
Forest Area (% of land)
29.5%
World Bank (2023)
Arable Land (%)
26.3%
World Bank (2023)
Renewable Energy (% total)
12.0%
World Bank (2021)
Access to Electricity
100.0%
World Bank (2023)
Water & Sanitation
Access to Safe Water
96.0%
World Bank (2024)
Access to Sanitation
99.3%
World Bank (2024)
Electricity Access
100.0%
World Bank (2023)
ποΈ
Government
POLITICAL STRUCTUREOverview
Type
Presidential Republic
Capital
Ankara
Official Name
Republic of TΓΌrkiye
UN Member Since
1945
Executive
Head of State
Recep Tayyip ErdoΔan
Head of Government
Recep Tayyip ErdoΔan
National Information
Currency
Turkish Lira (TRY)
Calling Code
+90
ISO Codes
TR / TUR
π°
Economy & Growth
ECONOMIC DATA$1.36T
GDP Nominal
$15,893
GDP Per Capita
3.3%
GDP Growth
8.8%
Unemployment
GDP
GDP (Current USD)
$1.36T
World Bank (2024)
GDP Per Capita (USD)
$15,893
World Bank (2024)
Real GDP Growth
3.3%
World Bank (2024)
GNI Per Capita
$13,460
World Bank (2024)
Labor & Prices
Unemployment Rate
8.8%
World Bank (2024)
Inflation (CPI)
58.5%
World Bank (2024)
Poverty Rate (<$2.15/day)
0.5%
World Bank (2022)
GINI Index
44.5
World Bank (2022)
Trade
Exports (USD)
$374.7B
World Bank (2024)
Imports (USD)
$367.4B
World Bank (2024)
FDI Net Inflows (USD)
$11.7B
World Bank (2024)
Trade (% of GDP)
54.6%
World Bank (2024)
β‘
Energy & Resources
ENERGYEnergy Access & Mix
Access to Electricity
100.0%
World Bank (2023)
Renewable Energy (% total)
12.0%
World Bank (2021)
Resource Indicators
Military Expenditure (% GDP)
1.9%
World Bank (2024)
Health Expenditure (% GDP)
4.3%
World Bank (2023)
Education Expenditure (% GDP)
3.1%
World Bank (2022)
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Communications
TELECOMInternet Users (% of pop.)
87.3%
World Bank (2024)
Mobile Subscriptions /100 people
105.7
World Bank (2023)
Calling Code
+90
Languages
Turkish
βοΈ
Transportation
LOGISTICSTransportation data for Turkey is available through national government sources, ICAO (aviation), IMO (maritime), and the CIA World Factbook (archived). Key indicators include airports, roadways, railways, merchant marine fleet, and major ports.
CIA World Factbook (archived) Β· ICAO Β· IMO
π‘οΈ
Military & Security
DEFENSEDefense Spending
Military Expenditure (% GDP)
1.9%
World Bank (2024)
Government Type
Presidential Republic
β οΈ
Terrorism
GTI4.51/10
GTI Score
MODERATE
Threat Level
Level 2: Exercise Increased Caution
Travel Advisory
Institute for Economics & Peace β Global Terrorism Index 2024 Β· US State Department Travel Advisories
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Transnational Issues
CROSS-BORDERTrafficking in Persons
Tier 2
US State Dept TIP Report 2024
Freedom Status
Not Free (32/100)
Freedom House 2024
Travel Advisory
Level 2: Exercise Increased Caution
US Department of State
πΎ
Agriculture & Food Security
WORLD BANKArable Land (% of area)
26.3%
World Bank (2023)
Forest Area (%)
29.5%
World Bank (2023)
World Bank WDI (AG.LND.ARBL.ZS, AG.LND.FRST.ZS)
π¦
Financial Sector
WORLD BANKGovernment Debt (% GDP)
26.6%
World Bank (2024)
FDI Net Inflows (USD)
$11.7B
World Bank (2024)
Currency
Turkish Lira (TRY)
World Bank WDI (GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS, BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD)
βοΈ
Gender Equality
WORLD BANKMaternal Mortality /100K
15.0
World Bank (2023)
Fertility Rate
1.5
World Bank (2023)
Life Expectancy at Birth
77.2
World Bank (2023)
World Bank WDI (SH.STA.MMRT, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, SP.DYN.LE00.IN)
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Poverty & Inequality
WORLD BANKPoverty Rate (<$2.15/day)
0.5%
World Bank (2022)
GINI Index
44.5
World Bank (2022)
GNI Per Capita (USD)
$13,460
World Bank (2024)
World Bank WDI (SI.POV.DDAY, SI.POV.GINI, NY.GNP.PCAP.CD)
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Science & Technology
WORLD BANKInternet Users (% of pop.)
87.3%
World Bank (2024)
Mobile Cellular Subscriptions /100
105.7
World Bank (2023)
World Bank WDI (IT.NET.USER.ZS, IT.CEL.SETS.P2, GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS)
ποΈ
Urban Development
WORLD BANKUrban Population (%)
89.3%
World Bank (2024)
Access to Electricity
100.0%
World Bank (2023)
Access to Safe Water
96.0%
World Bank (2024)
Access to Sanitation
99.3%
World Bank (2024)
World Bank WDI (SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, SH.H2O.BASW.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.ZS)
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Health (Expanded)
WORLD BANK + GOVLife Expectancy
77.2
World Bank (2023)
Infant Mortality /1000
9.1
World Bank (2023)
Under-5 Mortality /1000
12.8
World Bank (2023)
Maternal Mortality /100K
15.0
World Bank (2023)
Health Expenditure (% GDP)
4.3%
World Bank (2023)
Safe Water Access
96.0%
World Bank (2024)
Sanitation Access
99.3%
World Bank (2024)
World Bank WDI (SH.DYN.MORT, SH.STA.MMRT, SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS)
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Governance & Rule of Law
EXTENDED INTELLIGENCE34/100
CPI Score
4.35/10
Democracy Index
#165
Press Freedom Rank
Not Free
Freedom Status
Corruption & Transparency
CPI Score
34/100 (Rank: #103)
Transparency International CPI 2024
Basel AML Index
5.4/10
Basel Institute on Governance 2024
FATF Status
Enhanced Follow-Up
FATF Mutual Evaluations
Democracy & Freedom
Democracy Index
4.35/10
Economist Intelligence Unit 2023
Freedom Status
Not Free (32/100)
Freedom House FIW 2024
Press Freedom
Rank: #165/180
Reporters Without Borders 2024
State Fragility
Fragile States Index
62.3/120
Fund for Peace FSI 2024
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Trade & Sanctions
EXTENDEDExports (USD)
$374.7B
World Bank (2024)
Imports (USD)
$367.4B
World Bank (2024)
Trade (% of GDP)
54.6%
World Bank (2024)
FDI Net Inflows
$11.7B
World Bank (2024)
World Bank WDI Β· Global Affairs Β· OFAC Β· EU Sanctions Map
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All Data Sources
35+ SOURCESCIA Factbook (Archived)
CIA World Factbook β DISCONTINUED Feb 4, 2026. All 258 country pages removed from cia.gov. This platform preserves and extends Turkey's data using 35+ alternative open sources.
World Bank Open Data
| Category | Key Indicators |
|---|---|
| Economy & Growth | NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG, SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Health | SH.DYN.MORT, SH.STA.MMRT, SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS |
| Education | SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS, SE.ADT.LITR.ZS |
| Environment | AG.LND.FRST.ZS, AG.LND.ARBL.ZS, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Infrastructure | IT.NET.USER.ZS, IT.CEL.SETS.P2, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS |
| Poverty | SI.POV.DDAY, SI.POV.GINI, NY.GNP.PCAP.CD |
| Trade | NE.EXP.GNFS.CD, NE.IMP.GNFS.CD, BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD |
| Demographics | SP.POP.TOTL, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
International Risk & Governance Sources
| Source | Coverage |
|---|---|
| Transparency International | CPI β Corruption Perceptions Index 2024 |
| Freedom House | Freedom in the World 2024 |
| US State Department | TIP Report 2024 Β· Travel Advisories |
| Institute for Economics & Peace | Global Terrorism Index 2024 |
| Basel Institute on Governance | Basel AML Index 2024 |
| Fund for Peace | Fragile States Index 2024 |
| Economist Intelligence Unit | Democracy Index 2023 |
| Reporters Without Borders | Press Freedom Index 2024 |
| FATF / FSRBs | AML/CFT Mutual Evaluations |
| UNDP | Human Development Index |
| IMF | World Economic Outlook, Article IV |
| OECD | Comparative indicators |
| SIPRI | Military expenditure, arms transfers |
| UNHCR | Refugee data |
| IEA | Energy statistics |
Categories Coverage
This platform covers 25+ categories with 100+ data fields from 35+ validated sources. World Bank data is fetched via API v2 from the most recent available year (2018-2024). All risk indices use the latest published edition.
Social Protection & Labor
WORLD BANK