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Introduction
BACKGROUNDSyrian Arab Republic is a sovereign nation in Western Asia, Asia. The capital is Damascus. The government is a transitional government. Official/primary language(s): Arabic. UN member since 1945.
CIA World Factbook (archived) · World Bank · Government Sources
24.7M
Population
$23.6B
GDP (Nominal)
185,180 km²
Area
Damascus
Capital
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Geography
CORE185,180 km²
Total Area
Damascus
Capital
Asia
Continent
+3 UTC
Timezone
Location
Region
Asia — Western Asia
Continent
Asia
Land Use
Forest Area
2.8%
World Bank (2023)
Arable Land
24.0%
World Bank (2023)
Total Area
185,180 km²
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People & Society
DEMOGRAPHICS24.7M
Population
72.1 yr
Life Expectancy
2.7
Fertility Rate
72.1%
Urban Pop.
Population & Language
Population
24.7M
World Bank (2024)
Languages
Arabic
Urbanization
72.1%
World Bank (2024)
Vital Rates
Birth Rate /1000
22.1
Death Rate /1000
5.0
Fertility Rate
2.7
Life Expectancy
72.1 years
Health Indicators
Infant Mortality /1000
19.0
World Bank (2023)
Under-5 Mortality /1000
20.6
World Bank (2023)
Maternal Mortality /100K
20
World Bank (2023)
Literacy Rate
94.4%
World Bank (2021)
Education
Literacy Rate
94.4%
World Bank (2021)
Education Expenditure (% GDP)
N/A
World Bank
Internet Users
34.6%
World Bank (2019)
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Environment
CLIMATE & ECOLOGYEnvironmental Indicators
Forest Area (% of land)
2.8%
World Bank (2023)
Arable Land (%)
24.0%
World Bank (2023)
Renewable Energy (% total)
1.1%
World Bank (2021)
Access to Electricity
88.4%
World Bank (2023)
Water & Sanitation
Access to Safe Water
94.1%
World Bank (2024)
Access to Sanitation
95.6%
World Bank (2024)
Electricity Access
88.4%
World Bank (2023)
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Government
POLITICAL STRUCTUREOverview
Type
Transitional Government
Capital
Damascus
Official Name
Syrian Arab Republic
UN Member Since
1945
Executive
Head of State
Ahmad al-Sharaa
Head of Government
Ahmad al-Sharaa
National Information
Currency
Syrian Pound (SYP)
Calling Code
+963
ISO Codes
SY / SYR
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Economy & Growth
ECONOMIC DATA$23.6B
GDP Nominal
$1,052
GDP Per Capita
0.7%
GDP Growth
13.4%
Unemployment
GDP
GDP (Current USD)
$23.6B
World Bank (2022)
GDP Per Capita (USD)
$1,052
World Bank (2022)
Real GDP Growth
0.7%
World Bank (2022)
GNI Per Capita
$710
World Bank (2022)
Labor & Prices
Unemployment Rate
13.4%
World Bank (2024)
Inflation (CPI)
13.4%
World Bank (2019)
Poverty Rate (<$2.15/day)
16.5%
World Bank (2022)
GINI Index
26.6
World Bank (2022)
Trade
Exports (USD)
$1.6B
World Bank (2022)
Imports (USD)
$6.8B
World Bank (2022)
FDI Net Inflows (USD)
$0
World Bank (2024)
Trade (% of GDP)
35.6%
World Bank (2022)
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Energy & Resources
ENERGYEnergy Access & Mix
Access to Electricity
88.4%
World Bank (2023)
Renewable Energy (% total)
1.1%
World Bank (2021)
Resource Indicators
Military Expenditure (% GDP)
N/A
World Bank
Health Expenditure (% GDP)
2.7%
World Bank (2023)
Education Expenditure (% GDP)
N/A
World Bank
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Communications
TELECOMInternet Users (% of pop.)
34.6%
World Bank (2019)
Mobile Subscriptions /100 people
72.4
World Bank (2023)
Calling Code
+963
Languages
Arabic
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Transportation
LOGISTICSTransportation data for Syria is available through national government sources, ICAO (aviation), IMO (maritime), and the CIA World Factbook (archived). Key indicators include airports, roadways, railways, merchant marine fleet, and major ports.
CIA World Factbook (archived) · ICAO · IMO
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Military & Security
DEFENSEDefense Spending
Military Expenditure (% GDP)
N/A
World Bank
Government Type
Transitional Government
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Terrorism
GTI7.85/10
GTI Score
HIGH
Threat Level
Level 4: Do Not Travel
Travel Advisory
Institute for Economics & Peace — Global Terrorism Index 2024 · US State Department Travel Advisories
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Transnational Issues
CROSS-BORDERTrafficking in Persons
Tier 3
US State Dept TIP Report 2024
Freedom Status
Not Free (1/100)
Freedom House 2024
Travel Advisory
Level 4: Do Not Travel
US Department of State
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Agriculture & Food Security
WORLD BANKArable Land (% of area)
24.0%
World Bank (2023)
Forest Area (%)
2.8%
World Bank (2023)
World Bank WDI (AG.LND.ARBL.ZS, AG.LND.FRST.ZS)
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Financial Sector
WORLD BANKGovernment Debt (% GDP)
N/A
World Bank
FDI Net Inflows (USD)
$0
World Bank (2024)
Currency
Syrian Pound (SYP)
World Bank WDI (GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS, BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD)
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Gender Equality
WORLD BANKMaternal Mortality /100K
20.0
World Bank (2023)
Fertility Rate
2.7
World Bank (2023)
Life Expectancy at Birth
72.1
World Bank (2023)
World Bank WDI (SH.STA.MMRT, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, SP.DYN.LE00.IN)
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Poverty & Inequality
WORLD BANKPoverty Rate (<$2.15/day)
16.5%
World Bank (2022)
GINI Index
26.6
World Bank (2022)
GNI Per Capita (USD)
$710
World Bank (2022)
World Bank WDI (SI.POV.DDAY, SI.POV.GINI, NY.GNP.PCAP.CD)
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Science & Technology
WORLD BANKInternet Users (% of pop.)
34.6%
World Bank (2019)
Mobile Cellular Subscriptions /100
72.4
World Bank (2023)
World Bank WDI (IT.NET.USER.ZS, IT.CEL.SETS.P2, GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS)
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Urban Development
WORLD BANKUrban Population (%)
72.1%
World Bank (2024)
Access to Electricity
88.4%
World Bank (2023)
Access to Safe Water
94.1%
World Bank (2024)
Access to Sanitation
95.6%
World Bank (2024)
World Bank WDI (SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, SH.H2O.BASW.ZS, SH.STA.BASS.ZS)
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Health (Expanded)
WORLD BANK + GOVLife Expectancy
72.1
World Bank (2023)
Infant Mortality /1000
19.0
World Bank (2023)
Under-5 Mortality /1000
20.6
World Bank (2023)
Maternal Mortality /100K
20.0
World Bank (2023)
Health Expenditure (% GDP)
2.7%
World Bank (2023)
Safe Water Access
94.1%
World Bank (2024)
Sanitation Access
95.6%
World Bank (2024)
World Bank WDI (SH.DYN.MORT, SH.STA.MMRT, SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS)
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Governance & Rule of Law
EXTENDED INTELLIGENCE13/100
CPI Score
1.43/10
Democracy Index
#175
Press Freedom Rank
Not Free
Freedom Status
Corruption & Transparency
CPI Score
13/100 (Rank: #164)
Transparency International CPI 2024
Basel AML Index
7.09/10
Basel Institute on Governance 2024
FATF Status
N/A
FATF Mutual Evaluations
Democracy & Freedom
Democracy Index
1.43/10
Economist Intelligence Unit 2023
Freedom Status
Not Free (1/100)
Freedom House FIW 2024
Press Freedom
Rank: #175/180
Reporters Without Borders 2024
State Fragility
Fragile States Index
99.5/120
Fund for Peace FSI 2024
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Trade & Sanctions
EXTENDEDExports (USD)
$1.6B
World Bank (2022)
Imports (USD)
$6.8B
World Bank (2022)
Trade (% of GDP)
35.6%
World Bank (2022)
FDI Net Inflows
$0
World Bank (2024)
World Bank WDI · Global Affairs · OFAC · EU Sanctions Map
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All Data Sources
35+ SOURCESCIA Factbook (Archived)
CIA World Factbook — DISCONTINUED Feb 4, 2026. All 258 country pages removed from cia.gov. This platform preserves and extends Syria's data using 35+ alternative open sources.
World Bank Open Data
| Category | Key Indicators |
|---|---|
| Economy & Growth | NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG, SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Health | SH.DYN.MORT, SH.STA.MMRT, SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS |
| Education | SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS, SE.ADT.LITR.ZS |
| Environment | AG.LND.FRST.ZS, AG.LND.ARBL.ZS, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS |
| Infrastructure | IT.NET.USER.ZS, IT.CEL.SETS.P2, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS |
| Poverty | SI.POV.DDAY, SI.POV.GINI, NY.GNP.PCAP.CD |
| Trade | NE.EXP.GNFS.CD, NE.IMP.GNFS.CD, BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD |
| Demographics | SP.POP.TOTL, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN |
International Risk & Governance Sources
| Source | Coverage |
|---|---|
| Transparency International | CPI — Corruption Perceptions Index 2024 |
| Freedom House | Freedom in the World 2024 |
| US State Department | TIP Report 2024 · Travel Advisories |
| Institute for Economics & Peace | Global Terrorism Index 2024 |
| Basel Institute on Governance | Basel AML Index 2024 |
| Fund for Peace | Fragile States Index 2024 |
| Economist Intelligence Unit | Democracy Index 2023 |
| Reporters Without Borders | Press Freedom Index 2024 |
| FATF / FSRBs | AML/CFT Mutual Evaluations |
| UNDP | Human Development Index |
| IMF | World Economic Outlook, Article IV |
| OECD | Comparative indicators |
| SIPRI | Military expenditure, arms transfers |
| UNHCR | Refugee data |
| IEA | Energy statistics |
Categories Coverage
This platform covers 25+ categories with 100+ data fields from 35+ validated sources. World Bank data is fetched via API v2 from the most recent available year (2018-2024). All risk indices use the latest published edition.
Social Protection & Labor
WORLD BANK